Fiber optic temperature sensor, Intelligent monitoring system, Distributed fiber optic manufacturer in China
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How to choose a customized manufacturer for fiber optic temperature sensors
When choosing a custom manufacturer for fiber optic temperature sensors, the key is to consider multiple factors comprehensively to ensure the selection of the supplier that best suits your needs. Here are some key selection criteria and recommended manufacturers:
Standard for selecting fiber optic temperature sensors
1. Applicable application areas: Clearly define your application scenarios, such as electromagnetic/radio frequency environments, high-precision requirements, special installation environments (narrow spaces), flammable, explosive or corrosive environments, etc.
2. Measurement points and types: Choose “distributed” or “single point” sensors according to your measurement needs. Single point sensors are suitable for situations with less than 50 measurement points, while distributed sensors are suitable for situations with more than 50 measurement points.
3. Measurement temperature range: Determine the temperature measurement range you need, which will affect the selection of sensors.
Requirements for accuracy and resolution: Temperature measurement accuracy is divided into different levels, and the appropriate accuracy level 1 can be selected according to your specific needs.
The working type of the 5 ‘probe: Choose the appropriate probe type according to your application scenario, such as immersion type, contact type, or medical type.
1、 Customized production process of fiber optic temperature sensor
（1） Requirement analysis and planning
Determine customization requirements
In the initial stage of customizing fiber optic temperature sensors, it is necessary to have in-depth communication with customers. For example, if a customer intends to use sensors for temperature monitoring of power equipment, such as contact temperature monitoring of switchgear, they need to focus on the adaptability and accuracy requirements of the sensors to high voltage environments. Due to the high voltage and compact space inside the switchgear, small changes in contact temperature may indicate electrical connection issues, so sensors need to have high precision and insulation performance. Customers may also request specific measurement ranges, such as the normal temperature range of the monitored object being between -20 ° C and 100 ° C, but occasional abnormal temperature rises of up to 150 ° C. Therefore, customized fiber optic temperature sensors should cover at least the range of -20 ° C to 150 ° C.
At the same time, customers may have special requirements for the external dimensions and communication interface types of sensors. If you want to integrate the sensor into an existing automation monitoring system, you need to customize the communication method of the fiber optic temperature sensor according to the communication interface types supported by the system, which may be RS485 interface or Ethernet interface.
Develop technical solutions
Determine which type of fiber optic temperature measurement technology to use based on requirements, such as choosing fluorescent fiber optic technology or distributed fiber optic temperature measurement technology based on Raman scattering principle. If high-precision single point temperature measurement is required in application scenarios, such as temperature monitoring of key components of aircraft engines, fluorescent fiber optic temperature sensors may be more suitable; If temperature distribution measurement is to be carried out on a large area, such as long-distance oil pipeline temperature monitoring, distributed fiber optic temperature measurement technology will have more advantages.
Determine various technical indicators, such as the intended measurement accuracy of ± 0.5% (higher than the standard of ± 1%), resolution of 0.05 (higher than the standard of 0.1), and determine whether the sensor calibration method is fully automatic calibration or retains some manual calibration function.
Determine the design of the fiber optic probe based on the installation environment. If applied to the internal space of narrow and curved equipment, such as temperature monitoring at the gap of some large motor internal cable trays, it is necessary to customize fiber optic probes with smaller diameters (such as a minimum diameter of 500um) and flexible bending, and determine the length of the fiber optic cable, considering whether additional protective covers are needed in this environment.
（2） Raw material preparation
Selection of Optical Fiber
Select optical fibers based on the type of sensor. For fiber optic grating temperature sensors, optical fibers engraved with Bragg gratings will be used; For fluorescent fiber optic temperature sensors, optical fibers containing specific fluorescent materials are used. If customized sensors need to work in high-temperature environments, such as furnace temperature monitoring in the metallurgical industry, high-temperature resistant quartz optical fibers need to be selected. And if the measurement distance is far, such as temperature monitoring of transmission lines several kilometers away, the transmission loss characteristics of optical fibers should also be considered, and low loss optical fibers should be selected to ensure the accuracy and stability of signal transmission.
The coating material for optical fibers should also be selected according to the usage environment. If sensors are to be used in humid or chemically corrosive environments, such as temperature measurement near certain pipelines in the petrochemical industry, water-resistant and corrosion-resistant coating materials are required.
Preparation of other materials
The materials required for preparing fiber optic probes are also crucial. If the fiber optic probe needs to be connected to the optoelectronic module, such as using ST connectors, corresponding specifications of ST connectors need to be prepared, which must ensure the stability of the connection and good transmission of optical performance. If it is a customized multi-channel fiber optic temperature sensor, it is also necessary to consider the relevant optical component materials required for multi-channel signal multiplexing and demultiplexing, such as wavelength division multiplexers, couplers, etc. For the housing material of sensors, if applied in outdoor environments that may be subject to collisions, such as temperature monitoring of outdoor equipment in substations, it is necessary to choose sturdy and weather resistant materials (resistant to direct sunlight, wind and rain erosion, etc.), such as engineering plastics or metals.
（3） Manufacturing process
Fiber optic processing
If it is a distributed fiber optic temperature sensor based on Raman scattering principle, the first step is to treat the fiber optic end with laser pulse injection in order to effectively inject laser pulses of specific frequency and energy. This may involve cutting and polishing the fiber optic end face to achieve a certain flatness for fiber optic coupling connection. During the process, it is necessary to ensure that the fiber optic end face is clean and free of impurities. For fiber optic grating temperature sensors, grating writing requires specialized equipment, such as ultraviolet writing devices, to produce gratings according to predetermined grating periods and reflectivity requirements. It is necessary to strictly control the environmental conditions such as writing temperature and pressure, as well as the process parameters such as ultraviolet light intensity and exposure time, to ensure that the engraved gratings have good optical performance and reliability.
When making fiber optic probes, it is necessary to accurately integrate the fiber optic and temperature sensing parts. For example, in the production of fluorescent fiber optic temperature sensor probes, it is necessary to reliably connect the part containing temperature sensitive rare earth materials to the fiber optic cable, and ensure that the light transmitted by the fiber optic cable can effectively excite the temperature sensitive rare earth materials to generate light signals containing temperature information. For the edge part, some cladding or reinforcement treatment may be needed to prevent damage to the fiber optic probe during use.
Sensor assembly
Assemble the fiber optic probe section with the photoelectric conversion module. If it is a multi-channel sensor, it is necessary to ensure the correct connection between the optical fibers of each channel and the corresponding photoelectric detectors, signal amplifiers, and other components in the photoelectric conversion module, and to ensure the optical alignment accuracy to reduce the loss of optical signals during the conversion process and improve sensitivity. Afterwards, install the signal processing circuit section, such as arranging the amplification circuit, filtering circuit, analog-to-digital conversion circuit, etc. with the photoelectric conversion module in a reasonable manner, and perform circuit soldering, debugging, and other operations. For fiber optic temperature sensors with a casing, it is necessary to install the internally assembled components inside the casing and ensure proper fixation and sealing to prevent external dust and moisture from entering and affecting the performance of the sensor.
（4） Testing and Calibration
performance testing
Conduct basic performance testing on sensors, including measurement accuracy testing. For example, in a standard temperature environment (such as using a constant temperature oil bath or a precision constant temperature box to set the reference temperature), multiple different temperature points are set, ranging from low to high temperature, and sensor measurements are read and compared with known standard temperature values to calculate deviations, ensuring measurement accuracy meets the requirements of customized design.
When testing resolution, small temperature changes can be used as a testing method, such as using a precision temperature controller to generate temperature changes of 0.01-0.02 ° C, to see if the sensor can effectively distinguish these small temperature changes. At the same time, test sensitivity by changing the measurement environment temperature to raise or lower it at a certain rate (such as 1 ° C per minute), observe the response speed of the sensor output signal with temperature changes, and ensure that it can quickly and accurately reflect temperature changes.
Conduct stability testing and extend the testing time, such as stabilizing at a certain temperature for 72 consecutive hours or longer, or cycling the temperature within a certain range, to check for unstable phenomena such as drift in sensor measurements.
calibration
If the sensor adopts automatic calibration method, the accuracy of the calibration program should be verified. By simulating different temperature environments and triggering calibration programs, it is possible to check whether the calibrated measurement results are within the specified error range. For sensors with manual calibration function, it is necessary to test that the manual calibration interface works properly and that the manually entered calibration parameters can correctly change the measurement performance of the sensor. It may also be necessary to compare and calibrate with some standard thermometers or temperature measuring devices (such as high-precision thermocouple thermometers) to ensure the accuracy of the sensor.
2、 Materials required for manufacturing fiber optic temperature sensors
（1） Fiber optic
Quartz fiber optic
Quartz fiber is a commonly used basic material for fiber optic temperature sensors. It has a series of excellent optical properties, such as low loss and high transmission efficiency, and can effectively transmit optical signals in the visible to near-infrared wavelength range, which is of key significance for ensuring the signal transmission quality of sensors. In many practical applications of fiber optic temperature measurement, conventional measurement ranges such as -40 ° C-200 ° C fiber optic temperature sensors and quartz fiber optic sensors can meet the requirements of signal transmission. Moreover, due to the fact that quartz fiber is mainly composed of silicon dioxide, it has good chemical stability and can resist the corrosion of external chemical substances to a certain extent. For example, in temperature monitoring scenarios around chemical pipelines, there is no need to worry about the fiber being corroded or damaged due to contact with chemical raw material smoke.
Quartz fiber also has a high melting point, which gives it certain advantages in high-temperature application scenarios. For example, in the process of monitoring the temperature of high-temperature furnace walls or high-temperature steel billets on the steel metallurgy production line, although the temperature near the furnace body is very high (possibly above 1000 ° C), quartz optical fibers can be used to measure temperature within a certain range near the furnace body (as long as there are appropriate protective measures to resist thermal radiation and other thermal effects) without melting the optical fibers themselves.
Other types of optical fibers (such as specially doped fibers or fiber Bragg grating fibers)
Special doped optical fibers are used in some specific types of fiber optic temperature sensors. For example, in sensors that use the fluorescence properties of optical fibers for temperature measurement, specific rare earth elements are doped into the fibers. Taking erbium (Er) element doping as an example, this doped fiber can produce fluorescence when excited by light of appropriate wavelength, and the intensity and spectral characteristics of the fluorescence have a significant dependence on temperature. By detecting changes in this fluorescence signal, temperature can be measured. The principle is that when the temperature changes, the vibration of the lattice around the atoms inside the optical fiber changes, which in turn affects the energy level layout of rare earth element ions, leading to a phase shift or intensity change in fluorescence.
Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) fiber is a special type of fiber formed by engraving a grating structure into the core of a conventional fiber. This type of optical fiber is a key material in fiber Bragg grating temperature sensors. The reflection wavelength of fiber Bragg grating will change with temperature, and its principle is based on thermal optical effect and elastic optical effect. When the temperature increases, the refractive index of the fiber and the period of the grating will change, resulting in a shift in the reflected wavelength. By detecting changes in the reflected wavelength and utilizing the corresponding wavelength temperature relationship, the temperature value can be calculated.
（2） Probe related materials
Fiber optic connectors (such as ST connectors, FC connectors, etc.)
In fiber optic temperature sensors, fiber optic connectors are key components for connecting fibers with other optical devices. For example, ST connectors have the characteristics of easy insertion and reliable connection. In the manufacturing process of fiber optic temperature sensors, ST connectors can ensure good optical coupling between the fiber optic and the photoelectric conversion module. Its internal structure is carefully designed, with the central pin ensuring precise alignment of the fiber core, and the external sleeve structure providing stable connection force. In some fiber optic temperature sensor devices that can be installed and disassembled on site, the simple plugging and unplugging operation of the ST connector is beneficial for installation and maintenance personnel. For example, in the installation of temperature monitoring sensors inside switchgear equipment in power systems, if a sensor malfunctions and needs to be replaced, the convenience of the ST connector can quickly disconnect and reconnect the fiber optic without the need for complex operating tools or technical means.
FC connectors are also a common type of fiber optic connector. Compared to ST connectors, FC connectors are more outstanding in terms of connection stability and accuracy, especially suitable for fiber optic temperature sensors that require high connection accuracy and are used in some high vibration environments. The FC connector is fixed by tightening screws, and there will be no fiber misalignment or signal interruption due to slight shaking or vibration after connection.
End temperature sensing material (in specific types of sensors)
For fluorescent fiber optic temperature sensors, temperature sensing rare earth materials are an indispensable part for achieving temperature measurement functions. Glass materials doped with ytterbium (Yb) and erbium (Er) in the temperature sensing end of optical fibers, when a certain wavelength of light is transmitted from the fiber to this point, the temperature sensing rare earth material interacts with the light to produce fluorescence, and the intensity and spectral characteristics of this fluorescence will change with temperature. This is because the electronic energy level structure of rare earth materials is sensitive to temperature, and temperature changes can cause changes in the probability of electron transitions between energy levels, energy level widths, etc., thereby affecting the emitted fluorescence signal.
In some semiconductor absorption fiber optic temperature sensors, semiconductor materials (such as GaAs) are used as the end sensing material. When light passes through semiconductor materials, intrinsic absorption occurs, and this intrinsic absorption is significantly related to temperature. When the temperature increases, the bandgap width of semiconductor materials will change, thereby altering their light absorption characteristics. The intensity of light passing through semiconductor materials shows a temperature dependent change, and the temperature value can be calculated by detecting the change in intensity.
（3） Optoelectronic Conversion and Signal Processing Materials
Photoelectric detector
In fiber optic temperature sensors, photodetectors convert the optical signals transmitted by the fiber optic into electrical signals to further perceive and process temperature information. There are many types of photodetectors, such as silicon PIN photodiodes, which are commonly used. Silicon PIN photodiodes have high photoelectric conversion efficiency in the near-infrared band. Their structural feature is that a layer of intrinsic semiconductor (I layer) is sandwiched between P-type and N-type semiconductors. When the light transmitted by the optical fiber is irradiated onto the PN junction of the photodiode, photon energy is absorbed to generate electron hole pairs, thereby forming an electric current. In fiber optic grating temperature sensors or some fiber optic sensors that measure temperature based on changes in light intensity, if the light source uses near-infrared light emitting diodes (LEDs), silicon PIN photodiodes can effectively convert the detected changes in light intensity into changes in electrical signals, thereby reflecting temperature information.
Avalanche photodiode (APD) is also a common photodetector, which has higher sensitivity compared to silicon PIN photodiodes. Widely used in some fiber optic temperature sensors that require detection of weak light signals. For example, in long-distance fiber optic temperature measurement, due to the high transmission loss of optical signals over long distances, the optical signals reaching the detector are very weak. Avalanche photodiodes can amplify the weak photocurrent through their avalanche doubling effect, so that subsequent signal processing circuits can effectively receive accurate signals and process them.
Signal processing circuit materials (such as amplifiers, filters, analog-to-digital converters, etc.)
An amplifier is an important component in signal processing circuits. In fiber optic temperature sensors, the output electrical signal may be relatively weak due to the loss of optical signals during fiber optic transmission, photoelectric conversion, or detector sensitivity issues. Operational amplifiers can amplify these weak electrical signals. For example, using an operational amplifier with a gain of 100-1000 times can amplify small signals to a suitable size that is easy for subsequent circuit processing. For example, in a temperature measurement sensor system based on fiber Bragg grating reflection wavelength changes, the weak electrical signal related to wavelength changes output by the photodetector is amplified by an operational amplifier for easier detection and analysis.
Filters are used to filter out noise or interference signals in a signal. In practical work environments, fiber optic temperature sensors are often susceptible to external electromagnetic interference or high-frequency noise interference generated by other electrical equipment. Low pass filters, high pass filters, or band-pass filters can filter out unwanted frequency components as needed. For example, in fiber optic temperature sensors used between electrical equipment, if there is power frequency interference of around 50Hz and high-frequency clutter interference generated by some high-frequency switching power supplies in the environment, using a suitable bandpass filter to set the center frequency range can effectively filter out these interference signals and improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the sensor signal.
Analog to digital converters (ADCs) are used in sensors to convert analog electrical signals into digital electrical signals for processing by computers or digital devices. In high-precision fiber optic temperature sensors, the resolution of the analog-to-digital converter is crucial for precise temperature measurement and subsequent complex data processing, storage, or transmission to the upper computer system. ADCs with 16 or even 24 bits can convert analog light intensity or electrical signals into more accurate digital signals, improving the digital accuracy of temperature measurement.
3、 Recommended custom manufacturers of high-quality fiber optic temperature sensors
InnoTech
Enterprise Overview
FJINNO Technology has rich experience and a professional technical team in the field of fiber optic temperature sensors. The company focuses on the research and development, production, and customized services of fluorescent fiber optic temperature sensors, and has established a certain level of popularity and reputation in the industry. The standard fiber optic temperature sensor products provided by it have been widely used in multiple fields such as power systems (temperature monitoring of equipment inside switchgear, transformers, etc.), rail transit (temperature monitoring of vehicle operation related equipment), etc. These standard products have laid a good technical foundation for its customized business.
Fuzhou INNO Electronic Technology Co., Ltd
Fuzhou Yingnuo Technology is one of the leading manufacturers of fiber optic thermometers in China, with advanced production equipment and technical teams. Its products enjoy a high reputation in the Chinese and even international markets.
Customized service advantages
From the perspective of customization capability, InnoTech can deeply customize according to customers’ different measurement accuracy requirements, temperature ranges, probe sizes, etc. For example, if the customer requests an increase in measurement accuracy to ± 0.5% (relative to ± 1% of standard products) and an expansion of the measurement range to -50 ° C-250 ° C, the company can adjust the optical structure and signal processing algorithms of the sensor to meet the requirements. In terms of probe size, if customers want to reduce the probe diameter to 1mm or even smaller (the standard is usually 2.5mm) to adapt to narrower measurement environments, InnoTech can achieve the requirements by optimizing probe materials and manufacturing processes.
In addition, in terms of service, InnoTech can provide comprehensive pre-sales consultation, jointly determine needs and answer questions with customers, communicate production progress with customers in a timely manner during the customization process, and provide a certain period of warranty and after-sales service after product delivery, such as assisting customers in sensor installation and debugging, providing sensor usage training, etc.
Huaguang Tianrui Optoelectronics Technology Co., Ltd (HGSKYRAY.com)
Huaguang Tianrui has long been committed to the manufacturing of fiber optic thermometers, with rich experience and advanced production processes, able to provide high-quality products and reliable technical support. Their fluorescent fiber temperature measurement system has high accuracy, with a standard configuration of positive and negative errors within 1 degree, and can be customized for temperature accuracy according to customer needs.
4、 Technical difficulties in customized production of fiber optic temperature sensors
（1） Temperature optical characteristic calibration and calibration
Accurate determination of temperature optical response relationship
In fiber optic temperature sensors, whether based on the Raman scattering effect, fluorescence effect, or wavelength drift effect of fiber Bragg gratings, accurate temperature measurement requires the establishment of a precise temperature optical characteristic relationship. Taking fiber optic grating temperature sensors as an example, there is a complex relationship between temperature changes and the reflection wavelength of fiber optic gratings, which is influenced by various physical parameters such as the thermal optical coefficient and elastic optical coefficient of the fiber. Moreover, there may be certain deviations in the reflection wavelength changes of fiber Bragg gratings produced under different production conditions in different batches or even within the same batch under the same temperature changes. Accurately identifying this precise relationship requires extensive experimentation and theoretical analysis. This includes precise measurement of fiber Bragg grating reflection wavelength under different temperature environments (such as using high-precision temperature control boxes, measuring from low temperature -50 ° C to high temperature 200 ° C at certain temperature intervals, such as 5 ° C or 10 ° C), as well as complex mathematical modeling and fitting analysis of measurement data. Multiple fitting methods such as polynomial fitting and exponential fitting are usually used to find the best fitting curve, in order to minimize errors and obtain the most accurate temperature wavelength relationship model.
In fluorescent fiber optic temperature sensors, the response relationship between fluorescence intensity and spectral characteristics to temperature is equally complex. To accurately determine this relationship, it is necessary to consider many factors such as the concentration distribution of fluorescent materials in the optical fiber, the power and wavelength of the excitation light, and the optical interference of the surrounding environment. And because fluorescence emission is a light emission process at the atomic level, which is affected by many micro factors such as quantum efficiency, this response relationship is prone to fluctuate under different sensors or different measurement environments.
Long term stability calibration is difficult
During long-term use, the optical characteristics of fiber optic temperature sensors may drift. For example, due to prolonged exposure to environmental stress (such as soil pressure, thermal expansion and contraction stress around buried pipelines) or corrosion from chemical substances, optical fibers can undergo minor changes in their internal structure, which in turn affects their optical performance and deviates from the initially established temperature optical characteristic relationship. To solve this long-term stability calibration problem, it is necessary to design a mechanism that can perform online calibration while the sensor is working. This involves reserving a certain calibration interface or calibration standard signal source for the sensor itself, and periodically (such as every few months or a year) calibrating the sensor without affecting normal measurement, adjusting the parameters in the original measurement model, or providing new calibration curves to ensure long-term accuracy of the measurement. However, designing and implementing this online calibration mechanism requires solving many technical challenges, including the stability of the calibration signal source and the adaptive ability of the calibration algorithm.
（2） Weakening the coupling effect of multiple physical quantities
Stress temperature cross sensitivity issue
In optical fiber temperature sensors, optical fibers are not only sensitive to temperature but also have corresponding responses to stress. When optical fibers are subjected to external mechanical stretching, bending, or compression (such as when sensors are installed on the surface of some bendable and deformable equipment or in environments with wind loads, mechanical vibrations, etc.), this can cause changes in the optical transmission mode, refractive index, etc. inside the fiber, thereby interfering with purely temperature induced changes in optical signals. Taking fiber Bragg grating as an example, when the fiber is subjected to stress, the elastic optical effect of the fiber will cause changes in the period and refractive index of the grating, which will shift the reflection wavelength of the grating and couple it with the reflection wavelength shift caused by temperature. To separate the effects of stress and temperature on sensor measurements, special technical measures are required. A common method is to use a dual grating structure, where one grating is sensitive to both temperature and stress, while the other grating is only sensitive to temperature by using special packaging or placing it in a relatively stress stable position. By comparing the reflection wavelength changes of two gratings and applying complex signal processing algorithms, the influence of stress and temperature on measurement results can be decoupled. However, this dual grating structure will increase the manufacturing cost and complexity of the sensor, and there are also certain technical challenges in matching and signal coupling of fiber Bragg gratings.
The interaction between electromagnetic interference and optical signals
In some complex electromagnetic environments (such as near power system substations, around high-frequency electromagnetic equipment, etc.), although fiber optic temperature sensors have anti electromagnetic interference characteristics in their fiber optic transmission signals, the electronic components in the sensor (such as photoelectric conversion modules, signal processing circuits, etc.) will be affected by electromagnetic interference. These electromagnetic interferences may affect the optical signal transmission inside the sensor in the form of electromagnetic coupling. For example, a strong power frequency electromagnetic field may generate induced currents in the metal casing or wires of the sensor, and the magnetic field generated by these induced currents may change the polarization state of the light inside the optical fiber or produce additional magneto-optical effects. When these interferences exist, they will cause additional fluctuations and deformations in the optical signal that originally relied solely on temperature, thereby affecting the measurement results. To reduce the interaction between electromagnetic interference and optical signals, effective electromagnetic shielding measures need to be taken for the electronic components of the sensor, such as using high permeability metal shielding covers. However, this also requires solving technical difficulties such as heat dissipation inside the shielding cover and not affecting the optical channel while ensuring normal shielding. Moreover, it is necessary to improve the filtering and compensation algorithms in signal processing in order to accurately extract optical signals corresponding to temperature in the presence of electromagnetic interference.
（3） Detection of Small Temperature Differences and High Precision Implementation
The bottleneck of optical detection technology for detecting small temperature differences
In some application scenarios that are extremely sensitive to temperature changes, such as temperature monitoring in cell culture environments in biomedical research or temperature control in ultra precision electronic devices (such as chip manufacturing equipment), fiber optic temperature sensors are required to detect extremely small temperature differences (possibly as low as 0.01 ° C or even 0.001 ° C). However, from the perspective of optical detection, the optical signal changes corresponding to these small temperature changes are very weak. Taking the distributed fiber optic temperature sensor based on Raman scattering as an example, when measuring small temperature differences, the weak changes in Raman scattering intensity are not easily detected. This is because Raman scattering light itself has relatively weak intensity, and its generation and transmission process are easily affected by factors such as scattering losses and background noise inside the fiber. To overcome this technological bottleneck, on the one hand, it is necessary to optimize the design of fiber optic probes, such as increasing the numerical aperture of the probe to enhance the collection efficiency of weak scattered light; On the other hand, it is necessary to improve the detection sensitivity of photodetectors, which may require the use of more advanced photodetection technologies or materials, such as using high quantum efficiency low-temperature cooling detectors. However, this will increase the production cost of sensors and improve the requirements for the working environment (such as environmental maintenance for low-temperature cooling).
Influencing factors and solutions for high-precision implementation
To achieve high-precision temperature measurement, in addition to breaking through the bottleneck of optical detection technology for detecting small temperature differences, many other factors need to be considered. The heat exchange coefficient between the optical fiber and the surrounding environment is an important influencing factor in the sensor measurement process. If the probe of the sensor cannot achieve good thermal conductivity with the measured object, there will be delays and deviations in temperature measurement. In order to improve the thermal conductivity efficiency, it is necessary to use suitable thermal conductive materials (such as thermal conductive silicone grease, metal thermal conductive sheets, etc.) to fill the gap between the probe and the measured object. Another factor is the noise equivalent temperature of the sensor. The noise of the instrument itself can cause measurement uncertainty, and reducing the noise equivalent temperature requires optimizing the various components of the sensor. For example, measures such as using low-noise optoelectronic amplifiers and reducing background noise in circuits. In addition, to achieve high-precision measurement, it is necessary to address the issue of calibration accuracy by using higher standard calibration sources or more precise calibration algorithms, such as using standard quantum temperature standards or calibration algorithms based on multiple sets of different temperature environment corrections.
In summary, selecting a suitable custom manufacturer for fiber optic temperature sensors requires comprehensive consideration of application requirements, technical parameters, and the overall strength of the supplier. Fuzhou Yingnuo Electronic Technology Co., Ltd., Huaguang Tianrui Optoelectronic Technology Co., Ltd., and others are all outstanding enterprises in this field, which are worth further understanding and investigation.
