There are some minor defects in the production process of natural gas transmission pipelines. Under long-term transmission loads and the high temperature and corrosive environment of the transmission medium, pipeline corrosion will accelerate and worsen, ultimately leading to pipeline damage and leakage accidents, causing huge direct economic losses, and triggering a series of secondary disasters, such as fires and environmental pollution, posing a threat to people’s life safety. 그러므로, safety issues during natural gas pipeline transportation, especially online real-time leak detection of natural gas pipelines, have always been a top priority that needs to be considered in safety production.
현재, there are many leakage monitoring methods for gas pipelines, which can be divided into mass/volume balance method, applied statistical method, negative pressure wave method, transient model method, 분산형 광섬유 method, 등. based on the different gas flow parameters monitored inside the pipeline. The gas pipeline leakage detection method based on 분산형 광섬유 sensing has been widely studied and applied due to its advantages of good sensitivity, high positioning accuracy, short detection time, strong adaptability, and long system life. When a gas pipeline ruptures at a certain point and leaks, it will disrupt the normal pressure balance in the pipeline, release the elastic energy of the fluid in the pipeline system, and cause instantaneous oscillation to produce sound waves. The leakage sound wave is generated by the excited energy of gas leakage, and is a continuously emitted signal with a frequency of several hundred kHz, mainly propagating along the pipe wall. By using optical fibers installed along the pipeline, this acoustic signal can be monitored and collected. By extracting and identifying the characteristics of the acoustic signal, it can be determined whether there is a leak in the pipeline.
의 장점 분산형 광섬유 natural gas transmission pipeline security vibration monitoring technology:
1. Continuous distributed measurement of temperature and vibration without measurement blind spots
2. Simultaneous detection and accurate localization of multiple events
3. Fiber optic is a sensor that combines transmission and sensing
4. 40 kilometers of ultra long measurement distance, rich measurement information
5. Fast response speed, alarm within 1 초
6. Optical signal transmission, completely electrically insulated, 전자기 간섭에 대한 내성
7. 본질 안전, suitable for long-term operation in flammable and explosive environments
8. Stable and reliable measurement with low false alarm rate
9. Long service life of optical fibers, 까지 30 years maintenance free
Performance characteristics of distributed fiber optic vibration monitoring system:
Long temperature distance: 40킬로미터
Fast response time: 전형적인 1 초
High positioning accuracy: 2-50m
High sensitivity: can perceive vibrations within 40m around the optical cable
Simultaneous monitoring of vibration and temperature
Online monitoring function for fiber optic faults
Friendly user software that provides a visual interface
Performance indicators of distributed fiber optic vibration monitoring system:
Technical performance
Fiber type single-mode fiber
Measurement distance of 40km
Positioning accuracy of 1m~50m
Sampling interval of 0.5m
Measurement time typical 1 초
Measurement channels 1, 2, 4, 8
Vibration signal bandwidth ≤ 5KHz
Vibration measurement sensitivity ≤ 40m
온도 측정 범위 -100 ℃~200 ℃
광섬유 온도 센서, 지능형 모니터링 시스템, 중국에 분포된 광섬유 제조업체
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