INNO 광섬유 온도 센서 ,온도 모니터링 시스템.
광섬유 온도 센서, 지능형 모니터링 시스템, 중국에 분포된 광섬유 제조업체
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Most fire accidents are caused by high temperatures. In the petroleum and petrochemical industry, oil tank areas are a major industrial hazard. High temperatures in large oil storage tanks can lead to oil volatilization, 화재, and even explosions, causing significant casualties and property damage. 현재, the alarm data of commonly used oil tank fire automatic alarm systems comes from the fiber Bragg grating temperature measurement system TBG. This type of sensor can only perform scattered measurement. 동시에, during installation, it is necessary to drill holes and weld on the oil tank wall panel or directly input it into the tank to measure the temperature of liquids and gases, which is inconvenient for both early construction and later maintenance. On this basis, the 분산형 광섬유 temperature measurement system DTS can be applied to monitor the temperature during a smoldering fire (generating a small amount of smoke and heat), issue warnings, and give on-site operators sufficient time to take corresponding measures to avoid accidents or fires. 동시에, it can effectively improve the automation level of enterprise safety management.
Principle of Distributed Fiber Optic Temperature Measurement System
The main working basis of the 분산 광섬유 온도 측정 시스템 is the principle of optical time-domain reflectometer (증권 시세 표시기) and the temperature effect of backward Raman scattering in optical fibers.
The OTDR principle is mainly used for fiber optic positioning, which can achieve spatial distributed positioning of the temperature field inside the oil tank, determine the loss of various parts of the fiber optic (including damaged points), and locate temperature measurement points.
Backward Raman scattering effect refers to the phenomenon where when a laser source in the main processing unit injects a pulse signal with a wavelength of 905nm into a fiber, although the propagation speed of light is fast, it still has a certain degree of attenuation. Some scattered light will propagate in the opposite direction of the incident light, and the Raman signal contained in the scattered light carries temperature field information. This signal is processed through a digital signal processing system (DSP) to provide information about the temperature field distribution of the storage tank and output a temperature distribution map on the entire fiber.
Design of Distributed Fiber Optic Temperature Measurement System
The distributed fiber optic temperature measurement system must ensure the following three points: it can provide early detection of oil tank fire hazards; Can clearly indicate fire hazard locations; Send fire information to the fire alarm control system, activate the emergency control system, such as closing the emergency shut-off valve, cutting off oil pipes, and other emergency operations.
The layout of the equipment must be combined with the structural characteristics of the oil tank, taking into account comprehensive coverage and convenient installation. The entire control system is divided into automatic control and manual control according to the requirements of the fire alarm control system, and manual control is given priority. Automatic control: Once the temperature value of the measured oil tank exceeds the standard set alarm temperature, the distributed fiber optic temperature monitoring system sends real-time fire alarm data to the fire alarm host. The alarm host receives a relay action monitoring signal and confirms it as a fire alarm through logical judgment system. Manual control: once a person finds a fire and the alarm system has not been started, he can press the emergency manual alarm button. The fire alarm host receives the button alarm signal, the system confirms that it is a fire, and immediately enters the fire treatment program. The alarm host will then send an audible and visual fire alarm to the relevant areas and display it. 동시에, it will link the corresponding fire hydrant system, automatic foam spray system, 등., and upload the alarm signal to the oil depot management office, so as to organize personnel evacuation and rescue work in a timely manner.
The entire monitoring system consists of a DTS control unit, temperature sensing optical cables, and fiber optic connectors, which can be linked with other systems to form a fire alarm control system,
DTS control unit
The DTS control unit is debugged and programmed by authorized personnel in the human-machine interface environment through an engineer station. The area length and alarm points can be set according to needs, and the temperature trajectory of the optical cable can be displayed in real time on the PC. The alarm signal can be highlighted, including the determination of the actual location of the damaged point of the optical cable. The area setting and alarm point position can also be changed as needed. 동시에, the entire temperature measurement system can be interconnected with other control systems through relay outputs and perform logical judgments. In fire protection applications, it can be connected to the fire alarm control host to provide signals for sound and light alarms, with accurate and complete signal output; The DTS control unit can directly output signals to various digital display devices, such as central control room projectors, displays, 등., and can set information sharing permissions based on the sharing level.
온도 감지 감지 광 케이블
The temperature sensing fiber optic cable is the front-end device of the entire system, directly related to the judgment results of the DTS control unit. It can be installed on the outer wall of the oil tank. The alarm detection logic judgment for each zone can use any combination of three methods: maximum temperature in the zone (일정한 온도), temperature rise rate in the zone (차동 온도), and the difference between the maximum temperature in the zone and the average temperature in the zone (uniformity of zone temperature) to ensure early and reliable alarm and prevent smoldering. 동시에, considering that the layout of oil tank areas is often in harsh environments, temperature sensing detection optical cables should have good characteristics such as anti biting, earthquake resistance, 내식성, 등. The optical cables should have a sturdy sheath (PVC flame-retardant material), which can provide good protective characteristics. 동시에, they should also provide good temperature conductivity to ensure that fires can be detected quickly. The longest detection distance for a single channel is 30KM, and the number of channels can be expanded to 16. The positioning accuracy can reach ± 0.5m. The fastest response time for a single channel is 3.5s, and the startup preheating time is instant use.
The attenuation of the entire system optical cable shall not exceed the standards of the DTS control unit. The maximum attenuation rate on the 2km optical fiber shall not exceed 10dB, each junction box shall not exceed 0.4dB, and each fusion joint shall not exceed 0.2dB.
Fiber optic connecting devices
The fiber optic connecting device serves as the hub for connecting the temperature sensing detection optical cable to the DTS control unit. The tail fiber and the detection optical cable are connected through fiber optic fusion points, which are located in the fiber optic connection box next to the DTS control unit.
Distributed fiber optic fire detection system
According to the design requirements, there are a total of 4 external floating roof crude oil tanks and 5 internal floating roof finished oil tanks in the oil tank area, which are equipped with fiber optic fire detection systems. Install a fiber optic temperature fire detector at the sealing ring of the floating plate of the floating roof tank, and add twice the vertical laying length. The required detection optical cable for winding a oil tank is about 196m. Based on the above data calculation, taking 1.15 times the effective redundancy, the required optical cable for the storage tank is 2028m.
오일 탱크의 분포 특성과 온도 모니터링에 대한 특정 요구 사항을 기반으로 합니다., this project adopts a “탱크 1개, 하나의 기계” mode for design. 동시에, 시스템 안정성을 높이기 위해, 듀얼 머신 핫 스탠바이 채택, 시스템 장애 시 자동으로 전환할 수 있습니다.. A total of 9 fiber optic distributed temperature monitoring systems are used to monitor the required oil tanks in real-time online.
1) 각 탱크는 독립적인 감지 광섬유로 모니터링됩니다., 탱크의 뜨 판에 그리고 이차 바다표범 어업 반지의 외부 가장자리에 설치되는지 어느 것이.
2) The anti-static optical fiber led out by the 광섬유 온도 센서 installed on the floating plate inside the tank is protected by laying an explosion-proof metal hose with a diameter of DN25 inside the tank. The upper end of the explosion-proof metal hose is fixed on the flange of the manhole on the top of the tank, 그리고 금속 호스의 하단은 탱크 내부의 플로팅 플레이트에 고정됩니다. 고정 방법은 비열간 작업입니다., 그리고 방폭 금속 호스는 탱크 본체에 동등하게 연결됩니다..
3) 플로팅 루프 탱크 상단의 변위 변화를 고려하면, 방폭형 금속 호스를 통과하는 정전기 방지 광섬유가 드래그로 인해 오작동하는 것을 방지하기 위해, 예약된 길이는 다음보다 작아서는 안 됩니다. 0.5 탱크의 외벽 높이를 곱한 것, 그리고 디스크 광섬유 장치를 사용하여 특정 위치 영역에서 정전기 방지 광섬유를 제어해야 합니다..
4) The anti-static optical fiber led out by the fiber optic temperature sensor installed on the floating plate inside the tank is threaded through an explosion-proof galvanized pipe with a diameter of DN25 on the outer section of the tank and led along the escalator or tank wall to the existing ground trunking. It is connected and protected with the communication optical cable installed inside the trunking through a waterproof optical cable splice box, and the elbow part is connected with an explosion-proof metal hose.
5) 탱크 구역에 있는 각 오일 탱크의 플로팅 루프에 설치된 모든 광섬유 온도 센서는 정전기 방지 광섬유를 통해 출력되고 신호 수집 및 모니터링실로 전송하기 위해 통신 광 케이블로 수렴됩니다. 통신 광케이블은 직접 매설됩니다, 그리고 팔꿈치는 방폭 금속 호스로 연결됩니다..
6) 통신 광케이블이 탱크 영역에서 모니터링실로 전송된 후, 표준 광섬유 커넥터가 있는 단거리 광섬유 테일을 통해 DTS 호스트에 해당하는 감지 채널 인터페이스에 연결됩니다, 광섬유 점퍼입니다.
7) Nine 2-channel DTS distributed fiber optic temperature measurement hosts were placed in the monitoring room to achieve temperature signal acquisition, 온도 상승 경고, 과열 경보, 결함 감지, 오일 탱크 현장에 설치된 광섬유 온도 센서에 대한 정보 관리 작업. They can be connected to the fire alarm control system through the switch alarm interface to achieve fire alarm and display it in the fire duty room. 현재 온도 값, 알람 상태, 저장 탱크의 모든 온도 감지 지점의 과거 온도 곡선은 구성 소프트웨어의 전자 지도를 통해 기기 작동실에서 시각적으로 표시할 수 있습니다.. An external sound and light alarm can also provide alarm signals in the instrument operation room.
The distributed fiber optic temperature measurement system can detect the temperature value at every point along the fiber optic cable in real-time online, and can determine the trend of fire spread; Multiple alarm methods such as temperature difference and temperature rise rate can be set, and multi-level warnings can be set up to achieve early warning before a fire occurs; Alarm zones can be set arbitrarily according to changes in on-site conditions, and each zone can set different alarm values; It can withstand harsh environments, resist electromagnetic interference, and does not generate electromagnetic radiation. The effective lifespan of the detection optical cable is 30 년, overcoming the high false alarm rate and maintenance difficulties of the point type fiber optic grating temperature measurement system. It has reference significance for the fire safety of future oil tank areas.
