There are various pipelines buried in the city, including transporting water, gas, and oil. Once a leak occurs, it will inevitably cause serious ecological damage and huge economic and property losses. At present, effective and inexpensive safety monitoring methods for oil and gas pipelines before leakage are still a global challenge. For a long time, a large amount of research has been conducted both domestically and internationally on the use of stress wave method and negative pressure method for leak detection. However, due to the insufficient processing of detection signals by various leak detection methods, their applications are not ideal. When a leak occurs, the detection range is too large, time-consuming and laborious. Moreover, negative pressure leak detection method needs to damage the pipeline structure and extend the detection head into the pipeline, which is very inconvenient.
Pipelines are essential material transportation facilities for important systems such as natural gas, oil, urban heating, and gas. It is of great significance for the development of the national economy and the transportation of energy and materials. At the same time, pipeline facilities have a huge investment and are mostly located in trenches or buried below the ground. They have a certain degree of concealment in space. If they are damaged due to human or natural reasons, it is difficult to detect them in a timely manner. The leakage of flammable and explosive substances will bring great safety hazards. If this causes a fire or explosion accident, it will bring huge economic losses, and even cause significant casualties and social disorder.
The distributed fiber optic vibration sensing system is a very cost-effective event sensing system, which has irreplaceable advantages in long-distance applications exceeding 10km. Usually, in applications where distributed fiber optic vibration sensing and video surveillance systems are linked, these two systems work independently and require independent power supply systems and independent information transmission channels. Usually, in video surveillance systems, the cameras at each monitoring point require local power supply. When the transmission distance exceeds 10km, the power transmission system becomes a very complex and expensive system. In the Gobi, desert, sparsely populated mountains, and swamps, local power supply is basically an impossible condition to achieve.
The vibration fiber optic cable detection alarm system is a powerful perimeter alarm system. Ordinary communication optical cables are used as sensing units, and communication optical cables are used for communication. The front-end detectors are detected using a C/S (client/server) network form. The alarm center can be divided into a multi-level all fiber structure, with unlimited access to detectors. The alarm center can be interconnected through the Internet or local area network. Transfer the detected intrusion and destruction signals to the alarm center server, analyze and process the signals through alarm software, ultimately determine the alarm information, and display the alarm location on the electronic map. The alarm center is connected to a network type data collector through a local area network. Each alarm center can connect up to 128 network type data collectors. Each collector can deploy two defense zones and can set up 256 defense zones, with an effective length detection of 1000m for each defense zone. Each collector has an independent IP address, which can directly control or adjust the working status and internal parameters of the collector in the control room.